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ARRAYS
Open Arrays
The size of the packed dimension, the unpacked dimension, or both dimensions can remain unspecified,such cases are referred to as open arrays (or unsized arrays). Open arrays allow the use of generic code to handle different sizes. Formal arguments in SystemVerilog can be specified as open arrays solely in import declarations, exported. SystemVerilog functions cannot have formal arguments specified as open arrays.
OpenArrays are good for generic programming, since C language doesn't have concept of parameterizable arguments. Standared query and library functions are provided to determine array information to acess array elements.
EXAMPLE: open arrays
CODE:SV_file.sv
program main;
int fxd_arr_1[8:3];
int fxd_arr_2[12:1];
import "DPI-C" context function void pass_array(input int dyn_arr[] );
initial
begin
for (int i = 3; i<=8 ; i++)
begin
fxd_arr_1[i] = $random() ;
$display("SV:fxd_arr_1 %0d %d ",i, fxd_arr_1[i] );
end
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_1 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_1 );
for (int i = 1; i<=12 ; i++)
begin
fxd_arr_2[i] = $random() ;
$display("SV: fxd_arr_2 %0d %d ",i, fxd_arr_2[i] );
end
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_2 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_2 );
end
endprogram
CODE: C_file.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <svdpi.h>
void pass_array(const svOpenArrayHandle dyn_arr ) {
int i;
printf("Array Left %d, Array Right %d \n\n", svLeft(dyn_arr,1), svRight(dyn_arr, 1) );
for (i= svRight(dyn_arr,1); i <= svLeft(dyn_arr,1); i++) {
printf("C: %d %d \n", i, *(int*)svGetArrElemPtr1(dyn_arr, i) );
}
printf("\n\n");
}
RESULTS:
SV:fxd_arr_1 3 303379748
SV:fxd_arr_1 4 -1064739199
SV:fxd_arr_1 5 -2071669239
SV:fxd_arr_1 6 -1309649309
SV:fxd_arr_1 7 112818957
SV:fxd_arr_1 8 1189058957
Passing fxd_arr_1 to C
Array Left 8, Array Right 3
C: 3 303379748
C: 4 -1064739199
C: 5 -2071669239
C: 6 -1309649309
C: 7 112818957
C: 8 1189058957
SV: fxd_arr_2 1 -1295874971
SV: fxd_arr_2 2 -1992863214
SV: fxd_arr_2 3 15983361
SV: fxd_arr_2 4 114806029
SV: fxd_arr_2 5 992211318
SV: fxd_arr_2 6 512609597
SV: fxd_arr_2 7 1993627629
SV: fxd_arr_2 8 1177417612
SV: fxd_arr_2 9 2097015289
SV: fxd_arr_2 10 -482925370
SV: fxd_arr_2 11 -487095099
SV: fxd_arr_2 12 -720121174
Passing fxd_arr_2 to C
Array Left 12, Array Right 1
C: 1 -1295874971
C: 2 -1992863214
C: 3 15983361
C: 4 114806029
C: 5 992211318
C: 6 512609597
C: 7 1993627629
C: 8 1177417612
C: 9 2097015289
C: 10 -482925370
C: 11 -487095099
C: 12 -720121174
Packed Arrays
A packed array is represented as an array of one or more elements (of type svBitVecVal for 2-state values and svLogicVecVal for 4-state values), each element representing a group of 32 bits.
CODE:SV_file.sv
program main;
import "DPI-C" function void get_nums(output logic [15:0] nums[10]);
logic [15:0] nums[10];
initial begin
get_nums(nums);
foreach (nums[i]) $display(i,nums[i]);
end
endprogram
CODE:C_file.c
#include "svdpi.h"
void fib(svLogicVecVal nums[10]) {
int i;
for (i=0; i<10; i++) {
nums[i] = i ;
}
}
RESULTS:
0 0
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
8 8
9 9
Linearized And Normalized
Arrays use normalized ranges for the packed [n-1:0] and the unpacked part [0:n-1]
For example, if SV code defines an array as follows:
logic [2:3][1:3][2:0] b [1:10][31:0];
Then C code would see it as defined like this:
logic [17:0] b [0:9][0:31];
Array Querying Functions
svLeft() shall return the left bound (MSB) of the dimension.
svRight() shall return the right bound (LSB) of the dimension.
svLow() shall return the minimum of left index and right index of the dimension.
svHigh() shall return the maximum of left index and right index of the dimension.
svIncrement() shall return 1 if left index is greater than or equal to right index and -1 if left index is less than right index.
svLength() shall return the number of elements in the dimension, which is equivalent to high index - low index + 1.
svDimensions() shell return total number of dimensions in the array
CODE: SV_file.sv
program main;
int fxd_arr_1[8:3];
int fxd_arr_2[1:13];
import "DPI-C" context function void pass_array(input int dyn_arr[] );
initial
begin
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_1 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_1 );
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_2 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_2 );
end
endprogram
CODE: C_file.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <svdpi.h>
void pass_array(const svOpenArrayHandle dyn_arr ) {
printf("Array Pointer is %x \n", svGetArrayPtr(dyn_arr) );
printf(" Lower index %d \n", svLow(dyn_arr,1));
printf(" Higher index %d \n", svHigh(dyn_arr, 1) );
printf(" Left index %d \n", svLeft(dyn_arr,1), svRight(dyn_arr, 1) );
printf(" Right index %d \n", svRight(dyn_arr, 1) );
printf(" Length of array %d \n", svLength(dyn_arr,1) );
printf(" Incremental %d \n",svIncrement(dyn_arr,1));
printf("Dimentions of Array %d \n", svDimensions(dyn_arr ));
printf("Size of Array in bytes %d \n", svSizeOfArray(dyn_arr) );
}
RESULTS:
Passing fxd_arr_1 to C
Array Pointer is 80fdc58
Lower index 3
Higher index 8
Left index 8
Right index 3
Length of array 6
Incremental 1
Dimentions of Array 1
Size of Array in bytes 24
Passing fxd_arr_2 to C
Array Pointer is 80fdc70
Lower index 1
Higher index 13
Left index 1
Right index 13
Length of array 13
Incremental -1
Dimentions of Array 1
Size of Array in bytes 52
Open Arrays
The size of the packed dimension, the unpacked dimension, or both dimensions can remain unspecified,such cases are referred to as open arrays (or unsized arrays). Open arrays allow the use of generic code to handle different sizes. Formal arguments in SystemVerilog can be specified as open arrays solely in import declarations, exported. SystemVerilog functions cannot have formal arguments specified as open arrays.
OpenArrays are good for generic programming, since C language doesn't have concept of parameterizable arguments. Standared query and library functions are provided to determine array information to acess array elements.
EXAMPLE: open arrays
CODE:SV_file.sv
program main;
int fxd_arr_1[8:3];
int fxd_arr_2[12:1];
import "DPI-C" context function void pass_array(input int dyn_arr[] );
initial
begin
for (int i = 3; i<=8 ; i++)
begin
fxd_arr_1[i] = $random() ;
$display("SV:fxd_arr_1 %0d %d ",i, fxd_arr_1[i] );
end
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_1 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_1 );
for (int i = 1; i<=12 ; i++)
begin
fxd_arr_2[i] = $random() ;
$display("SV: fxd_arr_2 %0d %d ",i, fxd_arr_2[i] );
end
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_2 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_2 );
end
endprogram
CODE: C_file.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <svdpi.h>
void pass_array(const svOpenArrayHandle dyn_arr ) {
int i;
printf("Array Left %d, Array Right %d \n\n", svLeft(dyn_arr,1), svRight(dyn_arr, 1) );
for (i= svRight(dyn_arr,1); i <= svLeft(dyn_arr,1); i++) {
printf("C: %d %d \n", i, *(int*)svGetArrElemPtr1(dyn_arr, i) );
}
printf("\n\n");
}
RESULTS:
SV:fxd_arr_1 3 303379748
SV:fxd_arr_1 4 -1064739199
SV:fxd_arr_1 5 -2071669239
SV:fxd_arr_1 6 -1309649309
SV:fxd_arr_1 7 112818957
SV:fxd_arr_1 8 1189058957
Passing fxd_arr_1 to C
Array Left 8, Array Right 3
C: 3 303379748
C: 4 -1064739199
C: 5 -2071669239
C: 6 -1309649309
C: 7 112818957
C: 8 1189058957
SV: fxd_arr_2 1 -1295874971
SV: fxd_arr_2 2 -1992863214
SV: fxd_arr_2 3 15983361
SV: fxd_arr_2 4 114806029
SV: fxd_arr_2 5 992211318
SV: fxd_arr_2 6 512609597
SV: fxd_arr_2 7 1993627629
SV: fxd_arr_2 8 1177417612
SV: fxd_arr_2 9 2097015289
SV: fxd_arr_2 10 -482925370
SV: fxd_arr_2 11 -487095099
SV: fxd_arr_2 12 -720121174
Passing fxd_arr_2 to C
Array Left 12, Array Right 1
C: 1 -1295874971
C: 2 -1992863214
C: 3 15983361
C: 4 114806029
C: 5 992211318
C: 6 512609597
C: 7 1993627629
C: 8 1177417612
C: 9 2097015289
C: 10 -482925370
C: 11 -487095099
C: 12 -720121174
Packed Arrays
A packed array is represented as an array of one or more elements (of type svBitVecVal for 2-state values and svLogicVecVal for 4-state values), each element representing a group of 32 bits.
CODE:SV_file.sv
program main;
import "DPI-C" function void get_nums(output logic [15:0] nums[10]);
logic [15:0] nums[10];
initial begin
get_nums(nums);
foreach (nums[i]) $display(i,nums[i]);
end
endprogram
CODE:C_file.c
#include "svdpi.h"
void fib(svLogicVecVal nums[10]) {
int i;
for (i=0; i<10; i++) {
nums[i] = i ;
}
}
RESULTS:
0 0
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
8 8
9 9
Linearized And Normalized
Arrays use normalized ranges for the packed [n-1:0] and the unpacked part [0:n-1]
For example, if SV code defines an array as follows:
logic [2:3][1:3][2:0] b [1:10][31:0];
Then C code would see it as defined like this:
logic [17:0] b [0:9][0:31];
Array Querying Functions
svLeft() shall return the left bound (MSB) of the dimension.
svRight() shall return the right bound (LSB) of the dimension.
svLow() shall return the minimum of left index and right index of the dimension.
svHigh() shall return the maximum of left index and right index of the dimension.
svIncrement() shall return 1 if left index is greater than or equal to right index and -1 if left index is less than right index.
svLength() shall return the number of elements in the dimension, which is equivalent to high index - low index + 1.
svDimensions() shell return total number of dimensions in the array
CODE: SV_file.sv
program main;
int fxd_arr_1[8:3];
int fxd_arr_2[1:13];
import "DPI-C" context function void pass_array(input int dyn_arr[] );
initial
begin
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_1 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_1 );
$display("\n Passing fxd_arr_2 to C \n");
pass_array( fxd_arr_2 );
end
endprogram
CODE: C_file.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <svdpi.h>
void pass_array(const svOpenArrayHandle dyn_arr ) {
printf("Array Pointer is %x \n", svGetArrayPtr(dyn_arr) );
printf(" Lower index %d \n", svLow(dyn_arr,1));
printf(" Higher index %d \n", svHigh(dyn_arr, 1) );
printf(" Left index %d \n", svLeft(dyn_arr,1), svRight(dyn_arr, 1) );
printf(" Right index %d \n", svRight(dyn_arr, 1) );
printf(" Length of array %d \n", svLength(dyn_arr,1) );
printf(" Incremental %d \n",svIncrement(dyn_arr,1));
printf("Dimentions of Array %d \n", svDimensions(dyn_arr ));
printf("Size of Array in bytes %d \n", svSizeOfArray(dyn_arr) );
}
RESULTS:
Passing fxd_arr_1 to C
Array Pointer is 80fdc58
Lower index 3
Higher index 8
Left index 8
Right index 3
Length of array 6
Incremental 1
Dimentions of Array 1
Size of Array in bytes 24
Passing fxd_arr_2 to C
Array Pointer is 80fdc70
Lower index 1
Higher index 13
Left index 1
Right index 13
Length of array 13
Incremental -1
Dimentions of Array 1
Size of Array in bytes 52
Index
Introductions
Layers
Import
Naming
Export
Pure And Context
Data Types
Arrays
Passing Structs And Unions
Arguments Type
Disablie
Report a Bug or Comment on This section - Your input is what keeps Testbench.in improving with time!
Introductions
Layers
Import
Naming
Export
Pure And Context
Data Types
Arrays
Passing Structs And Unions
Arguments Type
Disablie
Report a Bug or Comment on This section - Your input is what keeps Testbench.in improving with time!