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STRING METHODS

Vera provides a set of general methods to handle hidden values within string variables.

len() : The len() function returns the length of the string as an integer.
getc() : The getc() function returns an integer that is the ASCII equivalent to the character at specified location.
tolower() : The tolower() function changes upper case characters in a string to lower case, and returns this new string.
toupper() : The toupper() function changes lower case characters in a string to upper case, and returns this new string.
putc() : The putc() task assigns a given character to a specified location.
get_status() : The get_status() function returns the current status flag value as an integer.
get_status_msg(): The get_status_msg() function returns a string describing the current status flag value.
compare() : The compare() function compares two strings to determine if they are identical or not. The comparison is case sensitive . If the strings are identical, a 0 is returned.
icompare() : The icompare() function is the same as compare() except that case is ignored. If the strings are identical, a 0 is returned. A non zero value is returned if they are not identical.
hash() : The hash() function hashes (or encodes) the string and returns a non-negative integer that is less than the size specified.
substr() : The substr() function returns the sub-string of characters between two specified locations.
search() : The search() function searches for a pattern in the string and returns the integer index to the beginning of the pattern.
match() : match() processes a regular expression pattern match.
prematch() : prematch() returns the string before a match, based on the result of the last match() function call.
postmatch() : postmatch() returns the string after a match, based on the result of the last match() function call.
thismatch() : thismatch() returns the matched string, based on the result of the last match() function call.
backref() : backref() returns matched patterns, based on the last match() function call.
atoi() : atoi() returns the integer corresponding to the ASCII decimal representation of a string.
itoa() : The itoa() task converts an integer to an ASCII number in a string.
atooct() : atooct() handles a string as an ASCII octal number and converts it to a bit value.
atobin() : atobin() handles a string as an ASCII binary number and converts it to a bit value.

EXAMPLE : string
program main{
string str,str_1,str_2;
str = "This is a string";
str_1 = str ;
printf("String length = %0d\n", str.len() );//
printf ("The fourth character is the letter %c.\n", str.getc(3) );
printf ("Lower case string is $s \n",str.tolower() );
printf ("Upper case string is $s \n",str.toupper() );
str.putc(0, "1");
printf (" Str after put 1 at 0 loc is %s \n",str);
printf (" Comparing str and str_1 resulted %d \n",str.compare(str_1) );
printf (" Substring from 2 to 4 of str is %s\n",str.substr(2,4) );
printf (" searching for 'is a' in str resulted in %d",str.search("is a") );
printf (" matching for 'is' in str resulted in %d",str.match("is") );
str_2 = "123";
printf ("After execute string.atoi method = %d\n",str_2.atoi() );

}

RESULTS

String length = 16
The fourth character is the letter s.
Lower case string is this is a string
Upper case string is THIS IS A STRING
Str after put 1 at 0 loc is 1his is a string
Comparing str and str_1 resulted 0
Substring from 2 to 4 of str is is
searching for 'is a' in str resulted in 5
matching for 'is' in str resulted in 1
After execute string.atoi method = 123

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